What causes Hypergammaglobulinemia?

Hypergammaglobulinemia is an uncommon condition that is usually the result of an infection, autoimmune disorder, or malignancy such as multiple myeloma. It’s characterized by elevated levels of immunoglobulins in your blood.

What causes polyclonal gammopathy?

Polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia (PHGG) has historically been associated with a variety of conditions including liver disease,1 infections such as that by human immunodeficiency virus,2 hematologic disorders such as idiopathic neutropenia,3 nonhematologic malignancies, and autoimmune conditions such as Sjögren …

What is hyper globin?

Hypergammaglobulinemia is a condition that is characterized by the increased levels of a certain immunoglobulin in the blood serum. The name of the disorder refers to an excess of proteins after serum protein electrophoresis (found in the gammaglobulin region).

What is the life expectancy of someone with Hypogammaglobulinemia?

The life expectancy of CVID patients has considerably improved over the past 30 years [5, 63], from initially 12 years to currently over 50 years [3]. Reduced survival was significantly associated with age at diagnosis, lower baseline IgG, higher IgM and fewer peripheral B cells.

What happens if IgG is high?

High levels of IgG may mean a long-term (chronic) infection, such as HIV, is present. Levels of IgG also get higher in IgG multiple myeloma, long-term hepatitis, and multiple sclerosis (MS).

What causes Polyclonal gammopathy and hypergammaglobulinemia?

Polyclonal gammopathy can be a clue to occult infections such as subacute bacterial endocarditis, tuberculosis, perinephric abscess, Lyme disease, and a variety of parasitic infections. Malignant B- and T-cell disorders can cause polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia.

Why do IgG levels go up in hypergammaglobulinemia?

People with hypergammaglobulinemia most often have increased levels of IgG. Most cases of hypergammaglobulinemia are polyclonal gammopathies. A gammopathy is an abnormal increase in the body’s ability to produce antibodies. A monoclonal gammopathy is an abnormal increase in the production of antibodies using the same type of cell.

What are the symptoms of hypergammaglobulinemia D syndrome?

The hyperimmunoglobulinemia (hypergammaglobulinemia) D syndrome (OMIM 260920) presents in early childhood with recurrent febrile attacks with abdominal distress, headache, and arthralgias. 853 Skin lesions are common during the attacks. 854 They may be erythematous macules, urticarial lesions, or erythematous nodules.

When does hypogammaglobulinemia affect your life?

The infections will often stop by their first birthday. Immunoglobulin usually reaches normal levels by age four. Catching this condition early and getting on antibiotics or immune globulin treatment can limit infections, prevent complications, and improve your life expectancy.