Is Actinobacillus Gram positive or negative?

Actinobacillus (Haemophilus) actinomycetemcomitans is a facultatively anaerobic, gram-negative coccobacillus which is a possible etiological agent in juvenile periodontitis (JP).

Is Actinobacillus Lignieresii zoonotic?

Actinobacillosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Actinobacillus. It is more commonly associated with animals than with humans. One of the most common forms seen by veterinarians is mouth actinobacillosis of cattle, due to Actinobacillus lignieresii.

What causes actinobacillosis?

Actinobacillosis is caused by Actinobacillus lignieresii, a gram-negative aerobic rod that is a normal inhabitant of the gastrointestinal tract of ruminants. The disease affects primarily cattle but has also been reported in sheep and horses.

What is cattle Woody tongue?

Wooden tongue is a well-defined disease of the soft tissues of the mouth region in adult cattle. It is caused by actinobacillosis lignieresii, part of the normal bacterial flora of the upper digestive tract. The bacteria usually invade the skin through a wound or minor trauma caused by sticks or straw or barley awns.

Is actinobacillus aerobic?

The organisms of the genus Actinobacillus are small, gram-negative, nonmotile, nonsporing bacilli, and coccobacilli. They are often interspersed with coccal elements. They are aerobic, microaerophilic, or facultatively anaerobic, fermenting carbohydrates with the production of acid but no gas.

Is actinobacillus catalase positive?

The genus Pasteurella consists of small coccobacilli that are nonmotile, facultatively anerobic, ferment glucose, and oxidase-positive. Most species are catalase-positive.

Can humans get wooden tongue?

Wooden tongue is seen mainly in soft tissues, but can occur in bony tissue on rare occasions. It is characterised mainly by inflammation of the tongue, which will become hard, swollen, and painful.

Do cattle get rabies?

Cattle can shed rabies virus in their saliva and can potentially infect other animals and humans. Veterinarians should wear personal protective equipment (PPE) when examining a suspect rabid animal, or when collecting/handling specimens, to prevent exposure to saliva.

Can calves get woody tongue?

Woody Tongue is not usually seen in calves, but this girl looked quite convincing from a distance.

How do cows get woody tongue?

These cuts are often caused by erupting teeth in young stock and heifers, or grazed thistles or sharp blades of grass. Treatment of woody tongue requires a certain antibiotic (your Vet can recommend the right product for you).

Can horses get woody tongue?

Actinobacillus lignieresii primarily causes large abscesses of the tongue, a condition often called wooden tongue. The tongue becomes hard and swollen, leading to drooling and difficulty eating. This infection occurs most frequently in cattle, but is also seen in horses.

Is actinobacillus motile?

Publisher Summary. The organisms of the genus Actinobacillus are small, gram-negative, nonmotile, nonsporing bacilli, and coccobacilli. They are nonmotile, indole negative, and produce acid without gas from glucose. Most of the species of Actinobacillus are urease positive and grow on MacConkey medium.

What are all the different types of Actinobacillus?

Actinobacillus lignieresii, Actinobacillus equuli, Actinobacillus suis, Actinobacillus capsulatus, and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans are some species of Actinobacillus. All the species of this genus are small and gram-negative rods or coccobacilli.

How can you tell if you have actinobacillosis?

Actinobacillosis is caused by several species of gram-negative coccobacilli of the genus Actinobacillus. Clinical signs vary, depending on the specific bacteria and the animal species they infect. Diagnosis can be confirmed by culture, PCR, or ELISA of tissue samples to identify the bacteria.

What are the colonies of Actinobacillus suis on agar?

Colonies are small, sticky and adherent to the agar surface. Most species are non-hemolytic on blood agar, however colonies of Actinobacillus suis on sheep blood agar is always surrounded by a clearly marked zone of hemolysis. Colonies of this genus are non-pigmented.

What kind of rod is an Actinobacillus rod?

The genus consists of many species that are commensals, some are pathogens of animals and more rarely humans. The Actinobacillus species are facultatively anaerobic fastidious Gram-negative, medium-sized rods (0.3–0.5 × 0.6–1.4 µm) that can produce coccal forms on routine solid media but longer forms in serum or sugar broths.