What is China Hukou system?

Hukou (Chinese: 户口; lit. ‘household individual’) is a system of household registration used in mainland China. A household registration record officially identifies a person as a permanent resident of an area and includes identifying information such as name, parents, spouse and date of birth.

Why does China have Hukou system?

Rationale. The Hukou system was originally created as a means to maintain a sense of social order, protect the rights of Chinese citizens, and “be of service to the establishment of socialism.”

How do you get a Chinese hukou?

Individuals who obtain a residence permit and keep it active for at least seven years may be eligible for a Shanghai hukou. They must meet additional eligibility criteria, including: A record of completing seven years of payments for urban social insurance during the period they held the residence permit.

Is the Hukou system still exist?

The surprise is that the hukou system still exists today despite the stunning changes that have taken place in China over the past few decades. Some migratory controls were lifted in the late 1970s, in response to a demand for cheap labor in urban factories, but the basic structure remains intact.

What are the 4 social classes in China?

From the Qin Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty (221 B.C.- A.D. 1840), the Chinese government divided Chinese people into four classes: landlord, peasant, craftsmen, and merchant.

Does China have a social credit system?

There are multiple social credit systems in China. This system is regulated by People’s Bank of China financial credit-rating system, and commercial credit-rating system. Government trustworthiness system (Chinese: 政务诚信体系) Evaluation system targeting civil servants and government institutions.

What is guanxi in Chinese business?

The Chinese call this guanxi (关系). Guanxi refers to having personal trust and a strong relationship with someone, and can involve moral obligations and exchanging favours. Guanxi is often translated as “connections”, “relationships” or “networks”.

Can foreigners have hukou?

Chinese people who live abroad and have not renounced their Chinese citizenship can keep their Shanghai hukou (household registration) intact – at least for now – according to the Shanghai Public Security Bureau.

Can foreigners get a hukou?

You Can Get Green Card, You Kid Can Get Hukou Your kids, as Chinese citizens, can attend public schools. However, if you have a Chinese green card, they are considered as having hukou in the city in which you live. Some might look at the issue of visa from a different perspective.

How does the hukou system affect people?

Since hukou restricts the free mobility of Chinese workers, it strains overall economic growth. These effects are exacerbated because China has a shrinking workforce that peaked in 2011 and has decreased every year since then, leading to double-digit growth in labor costs.