What is cyber deterrence?
What is cyber deterrence?
First, cyber deterrence can refer to the use of (military) cyber means to deter a (military) attack. Second, cyber deterrence can refer to the use of (military) means to deter a (military) cyber-attack. Scholars currently disagree to what degree it is generally possible to deter an adversarial cyber-attack.
Is cyber deterrence possible?
The United States should not expect a cyber deterrence strategy to achieve the kind of results seen with our nuclear deterrence strategy during the Cold War. However, a limited US cyber deterrence strategy is possible. To be effective, this strategy must be multilayered and use all instruments of US national power.
What elements are necessary to make up an effective policy of cyber deterrence?
All of these components (an interest, a deterrent declaration, denial measures, penalty measures, credibility, reassurance, fear, and a cost-benefit calculation) together form a strong and effective deterrence strategy.
What is deterrence in information security?
Deterrence is a strategy to influence the behaviour of people to follow a certain policy using the fear of sanctions. Therefore, it is composed of two main con- structs: certainty of sanctions and severity of sanctions [22].
What can cyber weapons do?
Cyber weapons are stealth ordnance, written in zeros and ones, like all computer code. They have the capacity to confuse enemy signals, shut down military attacks before they occur, and stymie communication systems, all without the flash and bang of the typical weapons of war.
What is meant by the term deterrence?
: the act or process of deterring: such as. a : the inhibition of criminal behavior by fear especially of punishment. b : the maintenance of military power for the purpose of discouraging attack nuclear deterrence.
What is specific deterrence?
Specific deterrence results from actual experiences with detection, prosecution, and punishment of offenders. The general assumption underlying police enforcement is that it should primarily aim at general deterrence, which is first and foremost achieved by increasing the subjective risk of apprehension.
Is cyber warfare a serious problem?
Cyberwarfare and the use of force There is one key formal definition of cyberwarfare, which is a digital attack that is so serious it can be seen as the equivalent of a physical attack. To reach this threshold, an attack on computer systems would have to lead to significant destruction or disruption, even loss of life.
What is an example of a cyber weapon?
Malicious software that is injected into a system or network to do things the owner would not want done. Examples include: Logic bombs, worms, viruses, packet sniffers (eavesdropping on a network), and keystroke loggers (capturing every keystroke made by the user).
What is an example of deterrence?
First, by increasing the certainty of punishment, potential offenders may be deterred by the risk of apprehension. For example, if there is an increase in the number of state troopers patrolling highways on a holiday weekend, some drivers may reduce their speed in order to avoid receiving a ticket.
What is the aim of deterrence?
There are two main goals of deterrence theory. Individual deterrence is the aim of punishment to discourage the offender from criminal acts in the future. The belief is that when punished, offenders recognise the unpleasant consequences of their actions on themselves and will change their behaviour accordingly.
What is an example of general deterrence?
General deterrence tries to send a message to the public by making the public fearful of the consequences of committing a crime, and therefore, less likely to commit a crime. Mandatory license revocation for repeat driving-while-intoxicated offenses is one example of general deterrence.
Is there any deterrence in the cyber domain?
The notion of deterrence in cyberspace has become a much-maligned piece of U.S. strategy. Deterrence has been criticized as being inappropriate given many of the cyber domain’s unique characteristics, such as low cost of entry, high number of non-state actors, and lack of clear attribution for attacks. [1]
Is there a strategic deterrence in cyberspace?
While deterrence has always had a place in cyberspace, the inverse has not always been true. The addition of cyber elements to the broader U.S. strategy of strategic deterrence is a more recent development as cyber has gained a larger role in over the last decade.
When did the US start a cyber deterrence strategy?
Both types of deterrence have been components of U.S. cyber strategy since the first iteration of the National Strategy to Secure Cyberspace in 2003 and the National Military Strategy for Cyberspace Operations in 2006. [6]
How is deterrence used in the United States?
Deterrence refers to the “ [prevention] of adversary action through the presentation of a credible threat of unacceptable counteraction and belief that the cost of the action outweighs the perceived benefits.” [5] The use of threats, also called deterrence by punishment or deterrence by retaliation, is the cornerstone of U.S. nuclear deterrence.