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What is the cause of physiologic anemia during pregnancy?

What is the cause of physiologic anemia during pregnancy?

The most common causes of anemia during pregnancy are iron deficiency and folate acid deficiency. Anemia increases risk of preterm delivery and postpartum maternal infections. If Hb is < 11.5 g/dL at the onset of pregnancy, consider treating women prophylactically.

Is pernicious anemia common in pregnancy?

Mild vitamin B12 deficiency is common in pregnancy and due to increased fetal demand over gestation, 38% of women have low B12 levels by the time of delivery [1].

How does maternal anemia affect fetus?

How does iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy affect the baby? Severe anemia during pregnancy increases your risk of premature birth, having a low birth weight baby and postpartum depression. Some studies also show an increased risk of infant death immediately before or after birth.

What does it mean to be mildly anemic while pregnant?

If you’re not getting enough iron or certain other nutrients, your body might not be able to produce the amount of red blood cells it needs to make this additional blood. It’s normal to have mild anemia when you are pregnant.

What is the most frequent cause of anemia in pregnancy?

Women who don’t have enough iron stores can get iron-deficiency anemia. This is the most common type of anemia in pregnancy.

What should a pregnant woman with anemia eat?

Preventing Anemia

  • Eat iron-rich foods such as meat, chicken, fish, eggs, dried beans and fortified grains.
  • Eat foods high in folic acid, such as dried beans, dark green leafy vegetables, wheat germ and orange juice.
  • Eat foods high in vitamin C, such as citrus fruits and fresh, raw vegetables.

Is 9.5 hemoglobin low during pregnancy?

According to the classification of World Health Organization (WHO), pregnant women with hemoglobin levels less than 11.0 g/dl in the first and third trimesters and less than 10.5 g/dl in the second trimester are considered anemic (Table I) (11).

What food can increase baby weight during pregnancy?

How to Gain the Right Amount of Weight During Pregnancy

  • Eat five to six small meals every day.
  • Keep quick, easy snacks on hand, such as nuts, raisins, cheese and crackers, dried fruit, and ice cream or yogurt.
  • Spread peanut butter on toast, crackers, apples, bananas, or celery.

What is the best time to take iron tablets during pregnancy?

Try to take the pills on an empty stomach about 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. But you may need to take iron with food to avoid an upset stomach. Do not take antacids or drink milk or caffeine drinks (such as coffee, tea, or cola) at the same time or within 2 hours of the time that you take your iron.

What is a normal hemoglobin level for a pregnant woman?

The normal physiologic range for hemoglobin during pregnancy is 11.5-13.0 (13.5) g/dl; anemia is, by definition, present when the values are under 11 g/dl and is quite common in pregnancy.

How can a pregnant woman get rid of anemia?

Anemia during pregnancy can easily be treated by adding iron or vitamin supplements to your daily routine. Typically, this is all that is needed to reverse the effects of anemia. However, in very rare cases, women with severe anemia may need a blood transfusion.

Is it normal to be anemic during pregnancy?

When your body needs more iron than it has available, you can become anemic. Mild anemia is normal during pregnancy due to an increase in blood volume. More severe anemia, however, can put your baby at higher risk for anemia later in infancy.

How to treat megaloblastic anemia in pregnant women?

Treatment is folic acid 1 mg orally twice a day. Severe megaloblastic anemia may warrant bone marrow examination and further treatment in a hospital. For prevention, all pregnant women and women who are trying to conceive are given folic acid 0.4 to 0.8 mg orally once a day.

What causes anemia in red blood cells during pregnancy?

Types of Anemia During Pregnancy. That’s a protein in red blood cells. It carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body. In iron-deficiency anemia, the blood cannot carry enough oxygen to tissues throughout the body. Iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia in pregnancy.

How to prevent iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy?

In some cases, your health care provider might recommend a separate iron supplement. During pregnancy, you need 27 milligrams of iron a day. Good nutrition also can prevent iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy.

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