What is the medial thalamus?

The medial surface of the thalamus constitutes the upper part of the lateral wall of the third ventricle, and is connected to the corresponding surface of the opposite thalamus by a flattened gray band, the interthalamic adhesion.

What are the nucleus of the thalamus?

There are three subdivisions of the anterior part of the thalamus: anteroventral, anteromedial and anterodorsal nuclei. These nuclei receive information from the limbic system, thus having important functions and influence upon emotional states, such as attention and alertness and memory acquisition.

What is the function of the reticular thalamic nucleus?

Its function is modulatory on signals going through thalamus (and the reticular nucleus). It has been suggested that the reticular nucleus receives afferent input from the reticular formation and in turn projects to the other thalamic nuclei, regulating the flow of information through these to the cortex.

Where does Mediodorsal nucleus of thalamus project?

The central nucleus and basolateral nuclei project densely to the MDmc in monkeys and medial segment of MD in non-primates (Aggleton and Mishkin, 1984; Groenewegen et al., 1990; Krettek and Price, 1977).

What is thalamus and its function?

The thalamus is a small structure within the brain located just above the brain stem between the cerebral cortex and the midbrain and has extensive nerve connections to both. The primary function of the thalamus is to relay motor and sensory signals to the cerebral cortex.

What is thalamus responsible for?

The thalamus is a mostly gray matter structure of the diencephalon that has many essential roles in human physiology. The thalamus is composed of different nuclei that each serve a unique role, ranging from relaying sensory and motor signals, as well as regulation of consciousness and alertness.

What is the thalamic reticular nucleus?

Background: The thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) is a shell-shaped gamma amino butyric acid (GABA)ergic nucleus, which is uniquely placed between the thalamus and the cortex, because it receives excitatory afferents from both cortical and thalamic neurons and sends inhibitory projections to all nuclei of the dorsal …

What is red nucleus?

The red nucleus is a large structure located centrally within the tegmentum that is involved in the coordination of sensorimotor information. Crossed fibres of the superior cerebellar peduncle (the major output system of the cerebellum) surround and partially terminate in the red nucleus.

What are three functions of the thalamus?

While the thalamus is classically known for its roles as a sensory relay in visual, auditory, somatosensory, and gustatory systems, it also has significant roles in motor activity, emotion, memory, arousal, and other sensorimotor association functions.

What does the Mediodorsal thalamus do?

In animal models, lesion studies have confirmed the mediodorsal thalamus (MD) has a role in memory and other cognitive tasks, although the extent of deficits is mixed. In addition, the MD is actively processing information and integrating it across these neural circuits for successful cognition.