How can HIV perinatal transmission be prevented?

Perinatal transmission of HIV can almost always be prevented with proper medical care. All pregnant women should get tested for HIV and share the test results with their prenatal care provider. If a woman has not received prenatal care she should request a rapid HIV test at delivery.

What are the factors that increase mother to child transmission of HIV?

A number of factors can increase the risk of HIV transmission, including having a high HIV viral load, a low CD4 count, HIV-related illness, a sexually transmitted infection or bacterial vaginosis.

What are the factors that may affect prevention of mother to child transmission?

Behavioral factors

• Illicit drug use during pregnancy.
• Frequency of sexual intercourse during pregnancy.
• Number of sex partners during pregnancy.
• Infant feeding practices: breastfeeding, mixed feeding, food premastication.

What are the risk factors for mother to child transmission?

Birth weight and gestational age were not related to vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus-1. Conclusion: Risk factors for mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus-1 included chorioamnionitis, an impaired maternal immune status, and female gender.

How can we prevent mother to child transmission?

An effective Prevention of Mother to Child Transmissions (PMTCT) programme requires mothers and their babies to:

1. Receive antenatal services and HIV testing during pregnancy.
2. Have access to antiretroviral treatment (ART)
3. Practice safe childbirth practices and appropriate infant feeding.

How does prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV work?

Elimination of new HIV infections among children can be achieved through the Prevention of Mother To Child Transmission (PMTCT) program where HIV prevention, diagnosis and treatment are provided to young girls, women living with HIV and pregnant women that have not been tested with HIV.

How is PMTCT used to prevent the spread of HIV?

As PMTCT is not 100% effective, elimination of HIV is defined as reducing the final HIV transmission rate to 5% or less among breastfeeding women and to 2% or less among non-breastfeeding women by 2020. 19

How does prevention of mother to child transmission ( PMTCT ) work?

KEY POINTS. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programmes offer a range of services for women of reproductive age living with or at risk of HIV to maintain their health and stop their infants from acquiring HIV.

What should pregnant women do if their partner has HIV?

All women who are pregnant or trying to get pregnant should encourage their partners to also get tested for HIV. If either partner has HIV, that partner should take HIV medicine daily as prescribed to stay healthy and prevent transmission. Taking HIV medicine every day can make the viral load undetectable.