What are the 4 structures of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

The juxtaglomerular apparatus of the kidney serves as a intrarenal baroreceptor that is composed of four basic elements: the terminal portion of the afferent arteriole, the macula densa (a segment of the distal tubule), the extraglomerular mesangial region, and the efferent arteriole at the glomerulus (summarized in …

What are the three components of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

The three cellular components of the apparatus are the macula densa, extraglomerular mesangial cells, and juxtaglomerular cells (also known as granular cells)[WP].

What do you mean by juxtaglomerular apparatus?

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is a collective term referring to the cells near a structure called the glomerulus in the kidney. The juxtaglomerular cells are specialized cells that stimulate the secretion of the adrenal hormone aldosterone and play a major role in renal autoregulation, the kidney’s self-governance.

What is the main function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA), consisting of the glomerular afferent and efferent arterioles and the specialized tubular epithelial cells called the macula densa, plays a central role in the regulation of glomerular hemodynamics and renin release.

How juxtaglomerular apparatus is formed?

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is a specialized structure formed by the distal convoluted tubule and the glomerular afferent arteriole. It is located near the vascular pole of the glomerulus and its main function is to regulate blood pressure and the filtration rate of the glomerulus.

What do juxtaglomerular cells secrete?

The juxtaglomerular cells secrete renin, and as specialised smooth muscle cells surrounding the afferent arteriole also have the capacity to affect the perfusion of the glomerulus.

What activates juxtaglomerular cells?

Juxtaglomerular Cells Although they are activated by prostaglandins released from the macula densa cells, they can also release renin independently of the macula densa. Baroreceptors found in the arterioles trigger renin secretion if there is a fall in blood pressure in the arterioles.

What is the function of juxtaglomerular apparatus in kidney?

Which hormone is secreted by juxtaglomerular cells?

hormone renin
The juxtaglomerular cells synthesize the enzyme-hormone renin. Renin is released in response to a drop in either salt concentration (sensed by osmoreceptors in the macula densa) or blood pressure (sensed by mechano- or baroreceptors in the afferent arteriole).

What activates juxtaglomerular apparatus?

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is a specialized structure formed by the distal convoluted tubule and the glomerular afferent arteriole. In response to elevated sodium, the macula densa cells trigger contraction of the afferent arteriole, reducing flow of blood to the glomerulus and the glomerular filtration rate.

What is the significance of juxtaglomerular apparatus JGA in kidney function?

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is known because it’s next to the glomerulus. Complete answer: Juxtaglomerular apparatus is an apparatus consisting of a couple of cells of the glomerulus, distal tubule, and afferent and efferent arterioles it’s involved in maintaining the glomerular filtration rate within the kidney.

Why is JGA important?

juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) A region of tissue found in each nephron in the kidney that is important is regulating blood pressure and body fluid and electrolytes.

Where is the juxtaglomerular apparatus located in the kidney?

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is part of the kidney nephron, next to the glomerulus. It is found between afferent arteriole and the distal convoluted tubule of the same nephron. This location is critical to its function in regulating renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate.

How does the juxtaglomerular apparatus ( JGA ) work?

Juxtaglomeruar Apparatus (JGA) consists of: 1) Juxtaglomerular cells (modified smooth muscle cells) of afferent arteriole including renin containing (synthesizes and stores renin) and sympathetically innervated granulated cells which function as mechanoreceptors to sense blood pressure.

What are the three types of cells in the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

The juxtaglomerular apparatus consists of three types of cells: the macula densa, a part of the distal convoluted tubule of the same nephron.

How does the juxtaglomerular apparatus sense blood pressure?

1) Juxtaglomerular cells (modified smooth muscle cells) of afferent arteriole including renin containing (synthesizes and stores renin) and sympathetically innervated granulated cells which function as mechanoreceptors to sense blood pressure.