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What indicates a positive squeeze test?

What indicates a positive squeeze test?

A positive test suggests a high ankle sprain (which involves the syndesmosis and tibiofibular ligaments and usually takes longer to heal than a lateral ankle sprain) or a Maisonneuve fracture of the proximal fibula. The squeeze test has a sensitivity of 30% and a specificity of 93.5% for a high ankle sprain.

What is syndesmosis squeeze test?

Squeeze test is another test to identify a tibiofibular syndesmosis. It is also a pain provocation test. The patient is in a supine position while the clinician grasps the leg of the patient, midway of the calf muscle on the affected limb, and perform compression with both hands.

Which test for a syndesmosis injury has the highest sensitivity?

Syndesmosis ligament tenderness (92%) and the dorsiflexion-external rotation stress test (71%) had the highest sensitivity values and negative LR of 0.28 (95% CI 0.09 to 0.89) and 0.46 (95% CI 0.27 to 0.79), respectively.

What is Sindus Mosus?

Ankle syndesmosis injury is otherwise known as a high ankle sprain, as it occurs just above the ankle where the long bones in the bottom of the leg, the tibia and fibula meet.

How do you do the squeeze test?

To perform the squeeze test, place a heel of each hand just proximal to the midpoint of the calf, and compress the tibia and fibula by squeezing in an anteromedial to posterolateral direction. A positive test is marked by reproduction of pain in the distal syndesmosis, just above the ankle joint.

What does a syndesmosis injury feel like?

Symptoms. The most common symptoms associated with a syndesmosis sprain are pain, inflammation, and lack of movement. You might also feel more severe pain when you bear any weight on the ankle. There are also different levels of pain and symptoms depending on the degree of the syndesmosis sprain.

What does a syndesmosis tear feel like?

The most common symptoms associated with a syndesmosis sprain are pain, inflammation, and lack of movement. You might also feel more severe pain when you bear any weight on the ankle.

Does syndesmosis injury require surgery?

Surgery. Syndesmosis injuries that cause ankle instability may require surgery. Some doctors prefer to try nonsurgical treatment first. However, if at any point during treatment an X-ray shows a diastasis, surgery will probably be recommended.

Which is a positive test for syndesmotic injury?

These special tests are indicative of syndesmotic injury as they produce a clear positive result, while other ankle sprains are negative (9). Positive test if symptomatic pain is reproduced in the area of the syndesmosis- directly over the AITFL, PITFL or interosseus membrane (8). Figure 3: External rotation test.

When to use the squeeze test for syndesmosis?

Positive test if compression of the tibia and fibula produces pain distally at the syndesmosis (8). Figure 5: Application of the squeeze test. Taken from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uU5lNsA6_HA&feature=related.

What are the odds of a syndesmosis injury?

Syndesmosis injury was four times more likely to be present with positive syndesmosis ligament tenderness (OR 4.04, p=0.048) or a positive dorsiflexion/external rotation stress test (OR 3.9, p=0.004).

Is the squeeze test also called the ankle external rotation test?

The squeeze test is also known as the fibular compression test and available literature suggests that it is used alongside with the ankle external rotation test. [1] Technique[edit| edit source]