What is meant by a secondary hazard?

Secondary disaster. An event that occurs after the occurence of an earlier event. An example would be the smoke caused by a fire.

Is there a secondary hazard?

Effects of Hazards Secondary Effects occur only because a primary effect has caused them. For example, fires ignited as a result of earthquakes, disruption of electrical power and water service as a result of an earthquake, flood, or hurricane, or flooding caused by a landslide into a lake or river.

What are the three types of hazard events?

In the following definition of environmental hazard, Keith Smith treats hazard in three senses: (1) potentiality, (2) event, and (3) disaster (when event intersects with human life and property):

Which of the following are considered secondary hazards of earthquakes?

Landslides – In mountainous regions subjected to earthquakes ground shaking may trigger landslides, rock and debris falls, rock and debris slides, slumps, and debris avalanches. These are secondary effects. Liquefaction – Liquefaction is a processes that occurs in water-saturated unconsolidated sediment due to shaking.

What is a hazard FEMA?

Hazard: “Hazard means an event or physical condition that has the potential to cause fatalities, injuries, property damage, infrastructure damage, agricultural loss, damage to the environment, interruption of business, or other types of harm or loss” (FEMA 1997, xxi).

What’s considered a disaster?

A disaster is a sudden, calamitous event that seriously disrupts the functioning of a community or society and causes human, material, and economic or environmental losses that exceed the community’s or society’s ability to cope using its own resources. Though often caused by nature, disasters can have human origins.

What are the secondary hazards of tsunamis?

The primary effects of earthquakes are caused by the surface rupture along the fault and by the ground shaking via the earthquake energy release. The secondary effects are the effects that occur directly as a result of this earthquake shaking and energy release, i.e., the onset of a tsunami wave, or a landslide.

Is a tsunami a secondary effect?

Secondary effects occur as a result of the primary effects, eg tsunamis or fires due to ruptured gas mains.

What are four earthquake hazards in California?

Primary earthquake hazards are:

• ground shaking.
• landslides.
• liquefaction.
• surface rupture.

What is the purpose of a hazard plan?

Hazard mitigation plans are prepared and adopted by communities with the primary purpose of identifying, assessing, and reducing the long-term risk to life and property from hazard events. Effective mitigation planning can break the cycle of disaster damage, reconstruction, and repeated damage.

Which is the best example of a secondary hazard?

Secondary Hazards. Liquefaction: Liquefaction is when soil or sand mixes with groundwater making the strength of the soil/sand weaker. That means if you rely on soil or sand for support under building and liquefaction occurs under a building then the building may start to either shift, tilt, rupture, or collapse.

What are the secondary hazards of a flood?

Secondary hazards are those that occur because of primary hazards. 1) Drinking water supplies may be polluted, especially if sewage treatment plants are within the flooded area. This contamination can result in disease and other health complications. 2) Gas and electrical services can be interrupted.

Which is more dangerous an earthquake or a secondary hazard?

Some are even more dangerous than the earthquake itself. Secondary hazards can also affect neighbouring countries of the country that experienced the earthquake. Secondary hazards include tsunamis, fires and seiches. A tsunami is a series of waves.

What is the difference between hazard and risk?

Risk is the chance or probability that a person will be harmed or experience an adverse health effect if exposed to a hazard. It may also apply to situations with property or equipment loss, or harmful effects on the environment.